Power plant



POWER PLANT Filed Dec. 16, 1927 2 SheetS-Sheel'I l F8112, 1932 c. B. JAHNKE ET AL 1,843,162

POWER PLANT Filed DeC. 15. 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Y Ona E Tao N wh@ w? n I wD Patented Feb, 2,. 1932v uNi'rED. STATES PATENT ,ol-*Fica GHABILIEIS-A B. JAHNKE AND ALFRED C.A BOOCIK, OF BELOIT, WISCONSIN, ASSIGNORS TO FAIRIBANK'S, MORSE & CO.,VOF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOISv Vi'ovviiii PLANT Application iled December 16, 1927. Serial No. 240,604.

' This invention relates to improvements in"" power plants, and more particularly to improvements in' generating units of a type in which an internal combustion engine is d1- 5 Afrectly connected to a generator.

,An object of this invention is "tohprovide a direct connected* power plant which is neat and compact in arrangement, which will provide forl av maximum ease of'assembly and .J repair, and which is economical to construct and maintain. l Another object-of the invention` is to provide', in a device of the class described, animproved, novel governing and timing mecha- .3 nism, ymounted on a member or bracket, com'- monto various minor assemblies of the engine, j

" the bracket being removable as a unit, whereby'the adjustments ofthe governor and timing assemblies may "be made on the bench, apart gl, from the engine.

By this mode of construction, itis possible to ei'ect quickly and accuf rately all routine adjustments of theminor assemblies, when removed from the engine. Y

.Alfurther'object ofthis invention is the .3 provision of an improved and efficient cooling system, comprising a means for cooling the engine by vapor, and comprising a -novel ar rangement'of .cooling yfans and air ducts adapted to' direct; and confine a 'current 'of 'au coolingfair about the. upper portion of the 'l Further, that the arrangement and construe? -tion of the variousfconnections, ducts, pasminor assemblies of the engine may be varied engine and through a'radiat'or or condenser..

rlhe cooling system further attains the object .of controlling the. temperature of the lubrieating oil in the crank case'.

Further objects and advantages-of this inventionwillappear from the drawings and the follo-Wingdetailed description. l

It will'be understood that the hereinafter described construction embodies a specific l working example of a devicel constructed in accordance with this'invention, and that thespecific construction illustrated may be modi- Y fied so as to be adapted to a multi-cylinder engine aswell as lto one having a single cylinder.

sages and other interconnecting -means may be varied substantially, that the exact construction and arrangement of lthe various substantially; that the foregoing and other changes may be made in the construction illustrated without departure from the spirit, l

scope, and'full intendment of the invention,

f the example shown being merely a single eXevcutiona'l embodiment of the invention which p is submitted in compliance with the statutory requirements relating to applications'for Letters I"atent.v

. In the drawings Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of a preferred form of our power plant ;V Fig. 2 is an elevation ofthe inside face of the governor'bracket, showing the -various minor y' assemblies adapted to be mounted thereon Referring by numerals to thedrawings, designates the crank case, which is preferably a casting servingvas a frame for theassembly, and on which is mounted a'cylinder casting 11. This comprises a cylinder 12 in which operates' the working piston 13. The piston may be'of any suitable form. The cylinder casting 11 is separate from, and carried by the crank case casting,land comprises valve guides' 14, tappet guides 15. The guides serve to position and to determine the path of travel of valves 16 and tappets 17 respectively, both of which may be of anyA suitable conventional type. Mounted upon the member 11, and formed-separately therefrom, is the cylinder head 18 providedwith a passageway or opening 19 in communicaf tion with the combustion space `2O. The head 18 may be provided with an opening to receive a spark plug 21, or equivalent ignition device.

'A condenser or radiator 22 is located by preference above the cylinder headl 18, and

is disposed horizontallyin order to minimize the over-all height of the plant. The condenser 22 and the cylinder head 18, as. well as other adjacent parts of the plant may beZA surrounded and enclosed by a hinged .the c over 23 consists of a screen 24. This I 2o connection between crank arm 26 and the' -permits the free -pass-age. of ,cool air through,

the top of cover 23 and serves as a guard for the partsenclosed thereby.A The .coverl 23 not only directs the air through-.the con-.,

denser or radiator, but .causes a suilicient circulation of 'air over the. cylinder head to permit the use,if preferred, of ana-1r cooled head. 'if desired,the cover' 23 may be made i. top

ing any parts.

heavy enough-to serve. asa support for'the condenser. Itis more ldesirable however, to hinge the coveras shown, to give access to the portion ofthe engine Withoutdisconnect- @peratingfin the crank case, and-projecting therethroughy tothe generator-,isa crank l shaft 25, on tle inside end ofwhich is a crank arm 26. The construction of the crank shafftand Crank'arm constitute this assembly as one -of the so called overhung type. A connecting rod-27 v serves as the operative piston 13. The crank is provided with' a counterweight 28 whichmayv be secured to the crank shaft yby'means of bolts :29, or if desired may be formed integrally therewith. By the use of a counterweight for balancing, the moment of reciprocating-'parts is balanced, both aboutthe "axisof the crank arm, and about the axis 'of the crank shaft,

The crank shaft 2 5 is supported and carried bye` bearing plate 30 and a bearing 31.-

.'lhese serve also as bearing members for the f generator, hereinafter described. 'The bear-l lng plate 30 is fastened to the crank case or which the .fly wheel'33 rotates.' The fly frame 10, which carriesa member 32 within wheelfis keyed-to the crank shaft, and is provided with a plurality of peripherally disi `p osed web-like members 34 which serve the purpose of Vfan blades to move the air for coolingpurposes. The path of the cooling air is herinafter descrihedf Endwise movelment of the fly Wheel 33 is prevented by means of aplate 35 and a collar 36, in a man'- ner which Willbe` apparent vfrom the drawings. a

' In .the generator the armature is shown at 37. This may be of anyfsuitable form and is preferably mounted ,on -a s eeve 38, after the manner described in the application of Alfredv C. Boock, filed December 16, 1927, Serial No. 240,466. The sleeve -38 is firmly positioned onshaft-'25 by a co1lar-36'- and a nut 39. The sleeve' construction for mount-A lng the armaturreolersfthe adsantages of ease ofremoval. ofthe armature orl service or repair; the sleeve isof especia value in 'increasing the stiffness. and `rigidity oftheshaft25.

\ 4The bearing 4() 'ina'y be carried by member 41, formed by the generator casei42, which may in turn be attached to the crank case 10.

l Suitable pole pieces 43 arel preferably fat- `tachedto the Banged portion l44 ofthe gen- 'eratorcas 42.'

Located at one lend of'and within the crank caselOLis a governor `bracket 45 which serves. v i

to carrya governor shaft bearing '46.' In this bearing is rotatablymounted av hollow shaft or rotatable sleeve 47 which is driven from the crank arm 26 by means of a driving arm 48. The driving arm engages a pin 49, by means of a slot, or fork 50, (see Fig. 2), the

l-slottedconstruction serving to eliminate the necessity -for accurately aligningv the governor bracket 45 with respect to the crank shaft 25.-.. A pair or more of governor Weights 51 lever55. The lever 55 yis arranged to rotate- -partly about a fixed pivot. The other. arm of the. lever 55 -is positioned to engage and is opposedby aispring 56. At its upper or outer end, the spring 56 is provided with a threaded adjustment 57 which projects through-the crank case wall or through the end cover platev therefor, as. shown. An external adjusting nut58 isprovided on the threaded member 57. By movement of the nut58,1the pressure on spring 56 maybe either increased or decreased, thereby affording means for adjusting the action of the governor while the engme is inoperation. One'of the arms of the lever 55, or the pivot therefor, `isfin. connection with ya throttle operating mechanism (not shown), by which the governor is enabled to control the speed of the engine. This mechanism is described in detail in the copending application of Adolph Rosner, filed December 16, 1927 Serial No. 240,524.-

A pinion 59 is attached to the governoa sleeve 47 on the opposite side of the governor bracket 45. Engaging this pinion there is a cam gear 60 which in turn is mounted on and serves to rotate la cam shaft 61. The inner end of the shaft 61 carries cams 62 and 63 for the operation of the engine valves. Gear 60 may be positioned on this shaftby means of a lock-nut64. The governor bracket 45 carries a pair or more of brackets designated as'66 and 67 serving respectively to carry pivots for rockers 68 and 69, (see Fig. 2).. The

-rockers are provided respectively with cam contact surfaces 70 and 71, which serve as intermediate operative connections between the cams and valve tappets. jThe pinion 59 preferably serves to drive a timer gear. 72

' which may be disposed opposite the cam gear 60. -The'timer 'gear servesto operate a timer of conventional construction,.the timer case being shovvn'v at 73. 'The timer is mounted on a shaft74 whichmay also serve as a'shaft to drive the -oil pump, hereinafter described in connection with the lubricating system. A-

' justments, repairs, replacements, or timing ranged that studs 121 may serve to position both the bracket and closure plate. The

-Atimer 73 preferably derives its immediate support from the plate member 120. ABy the removal of bracket 45either together with, or following removal of plate 120, all of the described minor assemblies .maybe' moved from the engine and plant,-so that any adadjustments maybe made on .the bench while the various vminor assemblies are easily accessible.

vas

I etc. This fuel tank is preferably of horset It will be seen from the drawings and description that the generator serves to complete the enclosure of one end of the crank case.' The opposite end of the crank case, outside of the governor bracket 45, and the plate member 120, is enclosed by a cover 76.

Air for cooling the motor and also the air for mixture'with the fuel in the carburetor is drawn through openings 77 in the end cover 76, and this flow of air is regulated by means of a pivoted shutter 78 provided with openings 79, which are so disposed as to be brought into register with the openings 77. Beneath the crank case proper, and below the oil chamber is an air duct 80, preferably disposed longitudinally of the engine and serving to connect the openings in end cover 76 with the fan blades 34 on the flywheel. The generator end of the crank case l() is preferably separated from the crank chamber 81 by means of platesl 82 and 83 which form a housing for .the fly wheel and also form the cooling air passages at this point. Besides drawing air through the air duct 80, asdescribed, someof the air for cooling ,and combustion may be introduced through the generator by means of the openings 84' in the generator case 42. All of the air drawn in.

through either of the two routes described is discharged upwardly through` a passage 85, which isaii air passa-ge up through crank case 10.l At 86 isvindicated the fuel tank which is preferably cast integral with the main casting comprising the crankcase 10,

shoe shape so as partially to surround the cylinder casting Al1, including -the cylinder12. A s the air passes upwardly through the passage 85 it is carried past the adjacent wall of the fuel tank, and thus assists in keeping .the fuel at a safe 'and uniform temperature.

As the cooling air proceeds upwardly past the fuel tank its course is determined by the hinged cover 23, by which the air stream x is compelled to pass upwardly and outwardly through the radiator or condenser 22.

In connection with the air circulating system, the present invention embodies means air duct 80, i under the .crank case, is y brought into immediate cooling contact with the bottom of thecrank chamber 81, in which is located the oil supply. This stream of air is thus utilized for lcooling the oil in the crank chamber. The ,air duct may be provided with ribs (not shown) eX- tending longitudinally of the-duct or pasf sage. In addition, the bottom of the crank chamber 8l may be provided with internal, upwardly extending ribs (not shown), eX- tending up into the body of lubricant in this chamber. In practice it is found that the passage of air beneath the crank chamber keeps the oil supply reasonably cool at all times. This cooled oil, in splashing up against the walls of thefueltank 86, aids materially in maintaining` at a low temperature the contents of the fuel tank. Excessive .coolin g of the lubricating oil is prevented by control of the pivoted shutter 78, described above. The described apparatus contemplates the use of a combined splash and pressure lubricating system," but it will be seen thatthe cooling system for the oi-l 4is obiviously adaptable to either system of'lubricaeither in the base or the sub-base and away from the engine proper. In'order'to keep the temperature lof the' fuel at all times safely below the Hash point the tank may be insulated from the cylinder 12 by an air space 90, which may be divided by a heat insulating shield 9,1. v rlhe fuel tank is also heat insulated from the waterv jacket hereinafter lde scribed, by means' of :a narrow gasket 92,' 1

thereby providing'a horizontalair space 93.

-The verticalwall 'of the fuel tank 86 is by preference used to form par't -of the air" pas sage from the y wheel 33 to the radiat0'r'22.

If preferred, upwardly extending ribs .(not

viding openings, (notshown), in the webbed portion of thenfly wheel 33, thereby causing air to .circulate under that portion-of" the fuel tank whichoverhangs they y wheel, as

shown at 94. The cooling effect may still be further increased by cooling k ribs-or fins (not l shplwvn) placed on the bottom wall 'of the ta The cooling system for the head. and cyl? l inder proper of the engine, isof the vapor type, comprising 'essentially a short cooling jacket 95,;below which is -located the air space 90, above described. The level of the liquid in the'jacket is determined by the height of' a filler opening .96, and this vlevel o is such that the jacket is not completely illed. During operation of theengine,'vapor rises through tubes 97 up into the vapor condenser or radiator 22, where it is condensed and returned by gravity, either through the vapor riser tubes 97 or through an additional tube v98. -The end ofthe radiator' or condenser 22 'opposite the vapor lead 97, may be. provided ,with a smallopening (not shown), leading to the atmosphere, in order to pre- 20 vent the system from becoming air-bound..

There is' no tendency for vapor to escape through-this opening because the capacity of the condenser is suiicient to condense all of the vapor before it reaches the opening.

25 For this reason the system Will very seldom require additional water or cooling fluid. It will be seen from the drawings' that the loca'- tionV of the condenser above the cylinder head and cooling jacket eliminates the ,necessity ofv a pump for returning condensed liquid to the system.' The system offers the further advantage 'of enabling the use of cooling media of various boiling points, thus permitng an exact temperature control of the en- `While we have shown and described the cylinder. head as being jacketed, and vaporl ing parts inside of the crank case, as well as. 5 the pistonand the wrist pin bearing, are

splash lubricated. In addition thereto, cerl v tain of the bearing surfaces are pressure lubricated by an oil pump. designated as .99. The oil pump .is of the gear type, carried by the governor 4bracket 45 and driven through the timer shaft 74 by the timer gear 72, as

a described above. The inlet 100 of the oil pump communicates with the oil Vstorage space .in the bottom of crank chamber'81., the ',outlet of the pump being shown at 101. The -pump proper consists of a pair of gears 102 'j and 103, one of which is carried by the timer shaft as described, and the other of which may be mounted on a stub shaft 104 as shown. 30 vLubricating oil enters the pump by means of l the inlet 100, passes between the gears 102 and 103, thence through oil passages 105, 106, A1077,r and 108, to the connecting rod bearing 109;. If desired, an oil passage 'may be .5 `formed in or carried-by lthe .connecting rod,

held in contact with the packing -112 and member 113 by means of the spring l114. I`he hollow member 110 is prevented from, excesl,sive horizontal movement by means of the stud bolt 1,15 lextending up finto the opening 116 in thexhollow member 1 10.

The above describedV spring-held connecremova-l of the entire oil pumping mechanism from the engine, and further eliminates the necessity of providing a hand hole for connecting the oil pump after it is in place. Thus it is seen thatthe oil pump which is carried `by governor bracket 45 is' removable from the engine along with the cam operating mechanism and the above described.

The described construction of tli'e engine and plant embodies a novel carburetor and governor assembly as .tion at theoutlet .of the oil pump enables the fuel control means forming the vsubj ect of the above mentioned co-pending application of Adolph lRosner.

The plant as described has been designed and adapted for use either with or without storage batteries. When intended fo'r use `with storage batteries a novel reverseecurrent Icljit'out has been provided in connection with .a governor control switch, the governor and cutout being adapted through. amechanical linkage for vadjustable governor control, by the governor described in the present application. The reverse-current cutout and switch assembly may be associated with a suitable panel, and the mechanism and connections may be enclosed toform an assembly such as that indicated at 117. Manual con` trol of the switch for starting, is eiected by a lever- 118, which ,may be of any suitable y form'. The novelty. of /construction of they reverse-current cutout and the governor control switch,.formfthe 'subject matter of a co` pending application of .Adolph Rosner, filed December 16, 1927, Serial No. 240,524.

1. In an vinternal combustion engine having apressure flubricating system, a crank case having a wallopening and a removable closure 'plate therefor, a lubricant pump within the crank case, a mounting member for the pump, mounted within the crank case, adapted to permit the pump to be' connected to and removed from the engine, and means "iii adapted upon such connection and removal to make and sever a lubricant connection from saidpump tothe engine. v

v- 2. internal combustion engine, a

crank case, a crank shaft, a cam shaft assembly, a governor assembly, and a removable bracket Within the crank'case and-:distinct from its Wall portions, adapted to carry said assemblies, and' adapted -to-perm1t adjustp ment and'timing of the valve operating mechanism, apart from the engine.

3. vIn an internal -.combustion englne, a

crank case, a crank shaft, a cam shaft assembly and an oil pump, a removable bracket Within the 'crank case and distinct from the w-allV thereof, for supporting the cam shaft and pump, said assembly and pum 'being adapted to be driven from the cran shaft, said cam shaft and pump being adapted by the removal of said supporting bracket for complete adjustment of valve action and the oil pump external to'sa'id engine, and means forming af socketed driving connection for said assembly and pump, adapted, -for en gagem'ent with ther-:rank shaft .upon application of said bracket'to the engine, and means formingasocketed telescoping connection for said pump, when the bracket is mounted on the engine.

4. In an internal combustion engine, a

crank shaft, a governor assembly and an oil pump, a removable supporting bracket com-- -mon to the governor assembly and pump, and

being adapted, upon the removal of said supporting bracket, to permit complete adjust- Yment ofsaidgovernor and pump external to the engine and-means associated withl the governor. and pump for eli'ecting driving and fluid connections upon application of the bracket to the engine.

'5., In an internal combustion engine having electric ignition, a crank shaft, a crank;- case, a timerand a lubricant'pump, a removable supporting structure common to the timer permit removal of said valve operating mechanism, governor assembly and pump, as a unit, from 'the engine.

.8. In4 an internal combustion engine havingA electric ignition, a crank case having a remov- 'able end member, a cam shaft assembly, and

an oil pump assembly, a removable mounting bracket common to said assemblies, an ignition timer carried by said end member, said end member and-bracket arranged to permit adjustment 'of valve and ignition timing, the

governor assembly, and oil pump, apart from the'engine.

9. In -an internal combustion engine, a

crank case, a crank shaft, a-governor assembly, a valve-timing assembly and an oil pump,

a removable mounting member Within the crank case andA common to said assemblies and pump; said assemblies and pump being operatively inter-connected and adapted to be driven by the crank shaft, and said mounting memberv constituting means whereby full adbjustment of speed control, valve'timing and pump may be effected when said elements are removed fromfthe engine.

1'0. In' an internal combustion engine, a crank case, a crank shaft, a' cam shaft, a governor, anoil pump for said.- engine, a bracket.

removably mounted within the crank case and carrying said cam shaft, governor, and oil pump,'said "cam shaft, governor and pump belng operatively interconnected and adapted Ito be driven by the crank shaft, said removandthe pump, adapted to permit timing of said engine and 'adjustment of the lubricant pump, apart from the engine', and means forming an automatic lubricant pump connection Within the crank case, upon applica- Ation of said supporting structure to the 'engine. I

6. In an internal combustion engine,I .a

'crank case having a removable'end plate, an

ignition timer carried thereby, a camshaft ass embly, 'an oil pump. assembly and governor assembly, a removable -b racket common to said assemblies, and disposed within thecrank case, gearing for said assemblies, disposed be-y ftween. the end plate and bracket, the end plate and bracketbeing removable, as a unit, to perpositioned bythe end plate, and adapted' able bracketconstituting means whereby full adjustment 'of valve timing, and the speed control of said engine may be effected, apart from the engine.

11. 'In an internal combustion engine, an oil pump and an oil conduit, companion means on4 the pump and conduit'adapted to Veiect'a telescoping connection therebetween upon assembling the pump to the engine, and without ,l i

manual Aaccess tothe connection. 1

12. In an internal combustion engine, an oil pump, a removable bracket carrying the pump, an oil conduit, a crank case forming an p enclosure for the pump and conduit, and an 'miv -extensible, telescoping connection therebe- A 'I tween, adapted to permit connecting the oil pump to the conduit upon positioning the bracket, and without access to the interior of the enclosure. i

' CHARLES B. JAHNKE.

ALFRED C. BOOCK. 

